Name: 
 

Test 3 Review-Circulation, Digestion, Excretion, Respiration, Immunity


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

1. 
The respiratory system interacts with the digestive system in the role of
a.
supplying oxygen for metabolism of nutrients.
b.
carrying away carbon dioxide.
c.
providing nitrogen for protein synthesis.
d.
supplying oxygen for metabolism of nutrients and carrying away carbon dioxide.
e.
supplying oxygen for metabolism of nutrients, carrying away carbon dioxide, and providing nitrogen for protein synthesis.
 

2. 
Which of the following possess an incomplete digestive system?
a.
annelids
b.
flatworms
c.
mollusks
d.
arthropods
e.
echinoderms
 

3. 
Chewing
a.
breaks food down into smaller pieces.
b.
physically and mechanically breaks up the food.
c.
increases the surface area of food exposed to digestive enzymes.
d.
actually mixes some enzymes with the food.
e.
all of these
 

4. 
The process that moves nutrients into the blood or lymph is
a.
absorption.
b.
assimilation.
c.
digestion.
d.
ingestion.
e.
all of these
 

5. 
Which of the following is NOT an active participant in the digestive process?
a.
small intestine
b.
esophagus
c.
pancreas
d.
mouth
e.
liver
 

6. 
The digestion of which class of foods begins in the mouth?
a.
carbohydrates
b.
proteins
c.
lipids
d.
amino acids
e.
nucleic acids
 

7. 
Chyme is formed in the
a.
mouth.
b.
esophagus.
c.
stomach.
d.
small intestine.
e.
large intestine.
 

8. 
Peristalsis
a.
is an adverse reaction to improper food.
b.
occurs in the digestive tract from the esophagus to the large intestine.
c.
occurs only in humans.
d.
is a defensive mechanism that reduces the bacterial invasion of the digestive tract.
e.
is an inflammation of the intestinal mucosa.
 

9. 
The digestion of proteins begins in the
a.
stomach.
b.
pancreas.
c.
small intestine.
d.
large intestine.
e.
esophagus.
 

10. 
The acid released in the stomach is
a.
carbonic acid.
b.
hydrochloric acid.
c.
nitric acid.
d.
sulfuric acid.
e.
phosphoric acid.
 

11. 
The first part of the small intestine is the
a.
duodenum.
b.
ileum.
c.
colon.
d.
cecum.
e.
jejunum.
 

12. 
Ducts from the pancreas and liver enter the
a.
stomach.
b.
colon.
c.
duodenum.
d.
jejunum.
e.
ileum.
 

13. 
Which of the following layers forms the outer covering of the gastrointestinal tract?
a.
serosa
b.
mucosa
c.
conjunctiva
d.
muscle layer
e.
submucosa
 

14. 
The digestion of fats mostly occurs in the
a.
stomach.
b.
pancreas.
c.
small intestine.
d.
lymph vascular system.
e.
liver.
 

15. 
The liver is associated with all but which of the following functions?
a.
formation of urea
b.
formation of bile
c.
detoxification of poisons
d.
secretion of bicarbonate ions
e.
lipid metabolism
 

16. 
People who do not eat meat (vegetarians) must choose their food carefully to get the necessary
a.
vitamins.
b.
minerals.
c.
carbohydrates.
d.
amino acids.
e.
fatty acids.
 

17. 
The first electrocardiogram was performed on a
a.
parrot.
b.
bulldog.
c.
cat.
d.
monkey.
e.
human.
 

18. 
The pulmonary circuit
a.
involves the hepatic portal vein.
b.
moves oxygen-rich blood to the lungs.
c.
includes the coronary arteries.
d.
leads to, through, and from the lungs.
e.
all of these
 

19. 
Which white blood cells are most abundant?
a.
neutrophils
b.
lymphocytes
c.
monocytes
d.
eosinophils
e.
basophils
 

20. 
About how many quarts of blood does a normal, 150-pound, human male have?
a.
2-3
b.
3-4
c.
4-5
d.
5-6
e.
6-7
 

21. 
What percent of the total blood volume does plasma normally amount to?
a.
15 to 25
b.
33 to 40
c.
50 to 60
d.
66 to 75
e.
about 80
 

22. 
Hemoglobin contains which element?
a.
chlorine
b.
sodium
c.
iron
d.
copper
e.
magnesium
 

23. 
Blood rich in oxygen is what color?
a.
yellow
b.
pink
c.
bright red
d.
blue
e.
purple
 

24. 
The aorta leaves the
a.
left atrium.
b.
right atrium.
c.
left ventricle.
d.
right ventricle.
 

25. 
Blood from the body is first received by the heart in the
a.
coronary vein.
b.
left atrium.
c.
right ventricle.
d.
right atrium.
e.
left ventricle.
 

26. 
By controlling their musculature, which of the following can vary the resistance to blood flow?
a.
arteries
b.
veins
c.
capillaries
d.
arterioles
e.
all of these
 

27. 
Which of the following is the proper sequence in clotting?
a.
prothrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, thrombin, clot
b.
prothrombin, fibrin, fibrinogen, thrombin, clot
c.
prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, clot
d.
thrombin, prothrombin, fibrin, fibrinogen, clot
 

28. 
Ventilation could be defined as
a.
bailing water over the gills.
b.
movement of water past cells by using flagella.
c.
moving air in and out of lungs.
d.
tracheal exchanges.
e.
all of these
 

29. 
For the surface of an animal to function in the integumentary exchange of gases, it must
a.
be thin and soft.
b.
have a high number of blood vessels.
c.
have mucus or a moist covering.
d.
all of these
 

30. 
Adult insects exchange respiratory gases by
a.
spiracles.
b.
tracheas.
c.
lungs.
d.
gills.
e.
body surface.
 

31. 
External gills are characteristic of
a.
some invertebrates.
b.
larval amphibians.
c.
fish larvae.
d.
all of these
 

32. 
When you swallow, the epiglottis covers the opening to the
a.
pharynx.
b.
esophagus.
c.
larynx.
d.
bronchus.
e.
alveoli.
 

33. 
Smoking has been shown to cause
a.
bronchitis.
b.
emphysema.
c.
lung cancer.
d.
coronary heart disease.
e.
all of these
 

34. 
Humans gain the least amounts of water by what route?
a.
metabolism
b.
ingestion of liquids
c.
ingestion of solids
d.
All of these contribute equal amounts of water.
 

35. 
The most abundant waste product of metabolism is
a.
carbon dioxide.
b.
ammonia.
c.
urea.
d.
uric acid.
e.
water.
 

36. 
The tube leading from each kidney to the bladder is the
a.
glomerulus.
b.
ureter.
c.
urethra.
d.
bladder.
e.
rectum.
 

37. 
About what percent of the fluid removed from the blood is eventually returned to the blood?
a.
59
b.
90
c.
98
d.
0.9
e.
9
 

38. 
The functional unit of the kidney is the
a.
Bowman's capsule.
b.
nephron.
c.
glomerulus.
d.
urinary bladder.
 

39. 
Excess salts of saltwater fish are excreted
a.
by relatively large kidneys.
b.
through the skin.
c.
through the eyes.
d.
through special salt glands located in the tail.
e.
through the gills.
 

40. 
The first disease that was demonstrated to be caused by a specific microorganism was
a.
anthrax.
b.
rabies.
c.
cowpox.
d.
smallpox.
e.
influenza.
 

41. 
The first disease for which a successful vaccination was developed was
a.
the plague.
b.
smallpox.
c.
rabies.
d.
chicken pox.
e.
diphtheria.
 

42. 
The person who developed and demonstrated the first successful vaccine was
a.
Pasteur.
b.
Koch.
c.
Lister.
d.
Jenner.
e.
Erhlich.
 

43. 
All but which of the following types of cells can be called "phagocytes"?
a.
monocytes
b.
erythrocytes
c.
neutrophils
d.
eosinophils
e.
macrophages
 

44. 
Histamine causes
a.
blood vessels to contract.
b.
capillaries to lose their permeability.
c.
an outward flow of fluids from the capillaries.
d.
a destruction of mast cells.
e.
an opening of the area of infection through which the body's defense system can enter.
 

45. 
Which cells are divided into two groups: T cells and B cells?
a.
macrophages
b.
lymphocytes
c.
complement cells
d.
platelets
e.
all of these
 

46. 
Which cells produce antibodies?
a.
helper T
b.
natural killer cells
c.
cytotoxic T
d.
memory
e.
B
 

47. 
Body cells have self-markers located
a.
in their nuclei.
b.
in the endoplasmic reticulum.
c.
in the mitochondria.
d.
on the plasma membrane.
e.
inside the Golgi bodies.
 

48. 
The markers for each cell in a body are referred to by the letters
a.
MHC.
b.
HTC.
c.
ADS.
d.
RSW.
e.
AKA.
 

49. 
Antibodies are shaped like the letter
a.
C.
b.
E.
c.
H.
d.
K.
e.
Y.
 

50. 
Antibodies are
a.
proteins.
b.
steroids.
c.
polysaccharides.
d.
lipoproteins.
e.
all of these
 



 
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